Maxtor 5T010H1 User Manual download pdf (Page 59)

GLOSSARY

GL – 1

GLOSSARY

GlossaryGlossary

Glossary

ACCESSACCESS

ACCESS

To obtain data from, or place data into, RAM, a register, or data

storage device.

ACCESS TIMEACCESS TIME

ACCESS TIME

The interval between the issuing of an access command and the

instant that the target data may be read or written. Access time

includes seek time, latency and controller overhead time.

ADDRESSADDRESS

ADDRESS

A number, generally binary, distinguishing a specific member of an

ordered set of locations. In disk engineering, the address may

consist of drives (unit address), radial positions (cylinder address),

or circumferential position (sector address).

ALLOCATIONALLOCATION

ALLOCATION

A process of assigning designated areas of the disk to particular

files.

ALTERNATE TRACKALTERNATE TRACK

ALTERNATE TRACK

A spare track used in the event that a normal track becomes

damaged or is unusable.

ANALOGANALOG

ANALOG

A signal or system that does not use digital states to convey

information. A signal may have any number of significant states

(values), contrasted to digital signals which can only have two

states.

ANSIANSI

ANSI

American National Standards Institute.

APPLICATION PROGRAMAPPLICATION PROGRAM

APPLICATION PROGRAM

A sequence of programmed instructions that tell the computer how

to perform some end-user task, such as accounting or word

processing.

AREAL DENSITYAREAL DENSITY

AREAL DENSITY

Bit density (bits per inch) multiplied by track density (tracks per inch)

or bits per square inch.

ASYMMETRYASYMMETRY

ASYMMETRY

A distortion of the readback signal which is shown in different

intervals between the positive and negative voltage peaks.

AUXILIARY MEMORYAUXILIARY MEMORY

AUXILIARY MEMORY

Memory other than main memory; generally a mass-storage

subsystem containing disk drives and backup tape drives,

controller(s) and buffer memory (also called peripheral memory).

AVERAGE ACCESS TIMEAVERAGE ACCESS TIME

AVERAGE ACCESS TIME

The average time to make all possible length accesses (seeks).

AVERAGE SEEK TIMEAVERAGE SEEK TIME

AVERAGE SEEK TIME

The average time to make all possible length seeks. A typical

measure of performance.

BAD BLOCKBAD BLOCK

BAD BLOCK

A block that cannot store data because of a media flaw.

BITBIT

BIT

An abbreviation for binary digit, of which there are two (0 and 1). A

bit is the basic data unit of most digital computers. A bit is usually

part of a data byte or word, but bits may be used singly to control or

read logic “on-off” functions. The fundamental unit information,

often used loosely to refer to a circuit or magnetization state at a

particular instant in time.

BIOSBIOS

BIOS

Acronym for Basic Input/Output System. The firmware area of a CPU

that controls operations through the system bus and to the

attached cards and peripheral devices.

BPIBPI

BPI

Acronym for bits per inch. See bit density.

BLOCKBLOCK

BLOCK

A group of bytes handled, stored, and accessed as a logical data

unit, such as an individual file record.

BUFFERBUFFER

BUFFER

A temporary data storage area that compensates for a difference in

data transfer rates and/or data processing rates between sender

and receiver.

BUSBUS

BUS

A collection of functionally parallel conductors that forms an

interconnection between functional blocks in a digital device. A

length of parallel conductors that forms a major interconnection

route between the computer system CPU (central processing unit)

and its peripheral subsystems. Depending on its design, a bus may

carry data, addresses, power, and more.

BYTEBYTE

BYTE

An ordered collection of bits treated as a unit. Most often, a byte is

understood to consist of eight bits. One byte is necessary to define

an alphanumeric character.

CACHECACHE

CACHE

Random access memory (RAM) used as a buffer between the CPU

and the disk drive.

CAPACITYCAPACITY

CAPACITY

The amount of data, usually expressed in bytes, which can be stored

in a given device or portion of same.

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)

The heart of the computer system that executes programmed

instructions. It includes the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for performing

all math and logic operations, a control section for interpreting and

executing instructions, internal memory for temporary storage of

program variables and other functions.

CHANNELCHANNEL

CHANNEL

A collection of electronic circuits used in the process of writing and

reading information to and from magnetic media.

CHARACTERCHARACTER

CHARACTER

An ordered collection of bits representing one of a set of

predefined symbols. Often the term is used interchangeably with

byte, but this is inexact.

CLOSED LOOPCLOSED LOOP

CLOSED LOOP

A control technique that enables the positioning system to correct

off-track errors in real time. The actual head position is monitored

and compared to the ideal track position to determine any position

error that might be occurring. This information is then used to

produce a correction signal (feedback) that goes to the positioner

to correct the error. (See also track following servo).

CLOSED LOOP SERVOCLOSED LOOP SERVO

CLOSED LOOP SERVO

A servo control technique that uses position feedback to correct

off-track errors. See Track Following Servo.

CLUSTERCLUSTER

CLUSTER

The smallest allocatable unit of disk storage allowed by MS-DOS;

each FAT entry represents one cluster.

CONTROLLERCONTROLLER

CONTROLLER

An electronic device for connecting one or more mass storage

peripherals (rigid disk drives, tape drives, and optical disk drives) to

the input/output circuits of a host computer. Controllers vary in

complexity, with more sophisticated units able to buffer and

schedule commands, correct data errors, and bypass media defects

without host intervention.

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Maxtor 5T010H1 User Manual Page 59

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